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Management Sciences

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Vol 11, No 4 (2021)
View or download the full issue PDF (Russian)
https://doi.org/10.26794/2304-022X-2021-11-4

INFORMATION AND DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN MANAGEMENT

6-24 894
Abstract

The paper describes the issues of value-based management of digital assets (DA). The relevance of the study is determined by the growth in the volume of digital assets under management and the need to develop new approaches to measuring their value. The subject of the research was the transformation of approaches to assessment and management in the digital economy. First of all, this concerns new types of assets. The goal is to form an integrated approach to the value management of assets in the digital environment. The paper uses methods of description, scientifc analysis and synthesis based on the specifc principles of valuation for management purposes defned in the article. The results are based on the digital assets identifcation for valuation and management purposes. The newly identifed types of DA require the use as traditional methods of discounting cash flows, as well as more brand new complex models for measuring value added, including the theory of real options. For this purpose, authors compared the classical approach to value-based management (based on value levers) with the recommendation algorithms which is growing trend for active use. Digital asset management involves the management model adaptation based on key value factors, characteristics, as well as features of the legal turnover. Decentralized systems are of the greatest interest and scientifc novelty in this area. They can provide the required level of trust and scalability. The paper shows the implementation of effective valuebased management requires a justifcation and selection of a digital environment, which is proposed as a decentralized fnancial services. As a result, the represented comprehensive algorithm is able to combine classical approaches to determining value for management purposes with the modern digital solutions (in particular, with machine learning methods). There is made an advisable conclusion to use this approach for valuation based on smart options for managing new types assets.

25-39 1150
Abstract

As a part of digital transformation, high-tech businesses are increasingly using platform ecosystems as a management model. Today ecosystem companies displace traditional corporations from leadership positions, which predetermined the scientifc interest in understanding their key properties and patterns of development. The purpose of the paper is to study the management features that determine the competitive advantages of platform ecosystems. The methodological basis of the study has become a benchmarking that is a traditional economic analysis of the companies’ bond with partners and customers, and the methodological toolkit was benchmarking, a comparative analysis of the successful organizational and management practices of high-tech corporations (which have formed ecosystems around themselves). The analysis of the platform ecosystems activity made it possible to select the management features that distinguish the ecosystem management model from traditional approaches. The research highlights, in particular, such positions as the nature of intercompany coordination, modularity of operations and versatility of relations. The scientifc result of the study is the identifcation of three groups of management decisions that allow platform ecosystems to implement accelerated innovative development and provide them with competitive advantages over traditional business models. These include: relations with customers (the formation of an individually oriented value offer); creation of an innovationoriented organizational structure and corporate culture; leadership in the system (organization of management focused on creativity rather than adherence to standards). The results were verifed by analyzing their application by companies using various management technologies. The conclusion is that the implementation of the mentioned management decisions makes it possible to adapt a high-tech business to the requirements of the digital economy.

STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT

40-54 439
Abstract

Currently, a large-scale reform of the development institutions of the Russian Federation is planned and has begun to be implemented. The end result of the reform should be a fundamentally new ecosystem of investment support for technological growth processes. One of the important goals of a such ecosystem formation is to ensure the high competitiveness of the domestic world’s economy, as well as the compliance of the goals, strategies and policies of the development institutions in accordance with the Unifed Plan for achieving National Goals until 2030*. The authors of the paper concluded that today there were only general features of the reform of development institutions and were not defned such features as: future algorithms for institutions functioning, mechanisms of functioning, project selection mechanisms, project management mechanisms for monitoring the effectiveness of development institutions.

STATE AND MUNICIPAL MANAGEMENT

55-70 494
Abstract

Nowadays, one of the most important tasks of the state in the framework of ensuring sustainable socio-economic and demographic development of the country is the regulation of migration processes. The changes observed in a complex political situation, including the impact of sanctions and pandemics, have affected on the priorities transformation of the population when choosing a potential place of residence. In this regard, it is important and timely to identify trends and factors of population migration, as well as to assess the level of migration activity using modern economic and mathematical methods of analysis. These issues are most relevant for those regions where there is a migration outflow of the population. In order to identify the factors influencing a human behavior when making a decision to change their place of residence, a component analysis was conducted on 22 indicators of socio-economic development of 67 subjects of Russia. This process identifed fve main components. The obtained results formed the basis for assessing the level of attractiveness of the territories and further cluster analysis of the regions. This caused to the formation of four clusters, including the subjects of the Russian Federation with a similar level of socio-economic development. Combining the results of the multi-factor assessment made it possible to determine the complex level of socio-economic development for each region. At the next stage of the study, the identified relationships between the socio-economic development of the regions and the migration level were formalized using the methods of regression analysis. The obtained simulation results let the authors develop a forecast of the migration processes dynamics, taking into account the implementation of the inertial and optimistic scenarios for the development of the socioeconomic situation.

OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT

71-85 500
Abstract

The paper explores issues related to improving the quality of management at enterprises which are participating in the implementation of the priority national project “Labor Productivity and Employment Support”. The problem is that at the enterprises participating in the national project, ongoing changes often do not affect the fundamental foundations of improving managerial activity; a systematic and process approach to management is traditionally positioned autonomously from each other. This situation does not allow participants in the national project to realize fully the existing potential for improving labor productivity. To more effectively achieve the target parameters of this national project at the level of individual enterprises, it was proposed to integrate the basic elements of a systemic and process approach to management. A comparative analysis of the systemic and process approaches to management in relation to the participants of the national project has been completed. There were identified the main groups of management processes associated with the basic elements of the enterprise management system in the framework of the national project. Also, there was developed a model for integrating systemic and process approaches to managing the company participant to increase labor productivity. The results of the study were tested in the practice of implementing the national project “Labor Productivity and Employment Support” at large industrial companies of the Perm Territory. The research used the methodology of an integrative approach to solving management problems, as well as the methodology of system and comparative analysis. The results of the study can be used in the Federal and regional centers of competencies to develop recommendations for improving management at enterprises participating in the implementation of the national project “Labor productivity and employment support”.

INNOVATIVE MANAGEMENT

86-98 414
Abstract

Sustainable long-term economic development in modern industrial and economic conditions becomes impossible without innovations, which require an active interaction of three subjects: science, industry and state. This study analyzed the development trends of the above subjects in the Russian Federation in conformity with the world leaders, and also it studied the current specific alterations in the modern economic community. The analysis showed that the structure of the industrial production still has a predominant part of the raw material component in Russia. The using of financial resources in innovative activities were not efficiently enough. The prevailing budget sources of financing in the structure of research and development costs show a weak interest of Russian companies in the real economic sector in the research and development results. Those scientific subjects which note a tendency of funds lackage also have an extremely low interest in the research focused on the market needs and bringing them to a commercialization form, as well as they seem not interested in the practical implementation of the possibilities of their significant human and material and technical potential. The specifics of modern conditions and the peculiarities of the development of the three main subjects of innovation determine the need for close, long-term scientific and technical cooperation with the support of the state as a regulator, stabilizer and catalyst for the development of these processes. The factors constraining the development of innovations, together with the nature of innovations, determine the need to meet this need for cooperative activity even more urgently. Integration of efforts, abilities and resource mobilization, especially in the post-crisis period, as well as the possibility of risk sharing and sharing existing equipment, as well as obtaining additional funds through in-kind exchange are necessary conditions. It is also necessary to note the role of the state as a regulator, stabilizer and catalyst for the development of innovative processes. The study schematically presents the conclusions of a regression analysis of several factors and their impact on innovative development. They confirmed the need for cooperation with educational organizations of higher education as a priority partner. Based on the analysis, there were identified organizational and economic prerequisites for the development of scientific and industrial cooperation.

MARKETING MANAGEMENT

99-115 935
Abstract

The unyielding efforts to develop a methodology for building a sales management system are yet another proof of its relevance. These efforts will continue, as the business community needs a sustainable and consistent operation model. The last 7 years have seen a general economic downturn and a slow recovery. Such topics as improvement of business effciency and investment performance, validation of costs, enhancement of management quality and cost controls have been gaining in relevance. Efforts to improve effciency of businesses, primarily of those which are associated with high costs and risks are becoming increasingly important. Since 2015, the author has been receiving an ever-increasing number of client enquiries on the subject “Sales Management”. The research described was started in 2010 and it is still ongoing. The bulk of the research work and experiments, the results of which are described in the article, were completed in 2016. The novelty of the proposed approach lies in its systemic analysis of the entire managerial paradigm governing the corporate sales system. It does not offer a description of feasible operation methods but it does offer a logically consistent chain of managerial decisions following the “if…, then…” principle. The proposed methodology is logically complete and organised in a hierarchical pattern where decisions made are arranged in a graded order according to their importance. The proposed research approach relies in part on the principles of holistic thinking and it is focused on the analysis of the hierarchy of managerial decisions made and their interplay. The research was conducted while working with the clients who sought sales management consultancy services. The study results proved the effectiveness of the developed model and its high reliability for the analysis of different sales systems when one has to make managerial decisions designed to improve the sales system (though the study results are to a lesser extent applicable to retail sales). The prospects for the practical application of the results generated by this study are encouraging: modern companies need a sustainable model to analyse and streamline their sales management system. The research methodology and conclusions form the basis of the education programmes and training courses offered at the Graduate School of Corporate Management at the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA) and Moscow Business School.

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ISSN 2304-022X (Print)
ISSN 2618-9941 (Online)