This article addresses the critical challenge of selecting an electricity development strategy amidst power shortages and increasingly stringent global carbon regulation, necessitating effective public governance solutions. The urgency stems from electricity deficits in the Far East and the need to choose a generation development path balancing economic efficiency with environmental imperatives (including risks from carbon taxes like Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism – European Commission (CBAM EU). The research objective is to identify optimal approaches for public regulation in developing new generation capacity, ensuring a balance between economic costs, supply reliability, and carbon footprint reduction. The research aim is to develop scientifically grounded criteria and mechanisms for public authorities to manage investments in new generation facilities in the Far East. The methodology employs comparative scenario analysis (hybrid, traditional, renewable scenarios), utilizing levelised cost of electricity (LCOE) calculations over project lifecycles and assessing environmental-economic consequences, including potential payments under carbon mechanisms. Results demonstrate that the hybrid scenario (combining traditional sources, nuclear power, and renewables) offers the best combination of economic efficiency (15% more cost-effective than a purely renewable scenario) and reduced environmental risks compared to traditional coal-based generation. The scenario relying predominantly on renewable energy sources to cover the deficit proved the most capital-intensive. The findings and the developed methodology hold practical value for federal and regional authorities in: scientifically substantiating investment decisions and developing regional energy development programs; formulating effective state support mechanisms to attract private investment in new generation capacity modernisation; developing preemptive measures to minimize economic risks associated with cross-border carbon regulation.

From the standpoint of systems and self-organization theory, this article presents the prerequisites for the qualitative and sustainable development of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the Russian Federation. The relevance of this issue stems from the spatial and structural imbalance of key SME performance variables and the need to create conditions for achieving the priority directions of technological sovereignty, which will contribute to forming a qualitatively new structure of the national economy. The purpose of the study is to develop and propose methodological principles for achieving an optimal innovative structure of SMEs, while the main objective is to minimize losses and management costs in launching a mechanism of self-sustaining SME development. The authors apply the methodological framework of systems and self-organization theory, structural and cyclical dynamics, as well as methods of comprehensive and statistical analysis. The research is based on data from regulatory and legal reference systems and official statistics of the Russian Federation. As a result of the study, a methodological approach is proposed that enables managerial decision-making based on the principles of harmonious correlation of SME parameters (ownership forms, enterprise size, spatial and territorial characteristics, SME share in GDP, employment rate, etc.) and synergetic analysis. This approach shapes the systemic potential for the qualitative innovative development of SMEs and their transition into the sphere of large business.

In most countries of the world, financial metrics are used predominantly to assess the complexity of firefighting and rescue operations. Nowadays, experts are trying to develop a new evaluation system. The objective of this research is to explore one of such approaches. The findings may prove valuable to managers at all levels, experts in business development and public administration, as well as scientific researchers.

The article examines the issues of strategic planning for the development of small cities and proposals for their modernization based on the new elements in the strategic planning process, incl. the assessment of growth drivers and the analysis of innovation and technological priorities. The relevance of this topic is that today the theory of strategic planning process strongly needs development and available information on this issue is not sufficient. The purpose of this study is to develop a modernised mechanism to form and implement the development planning strategy of small cities. The objectives of the study are to assess the author’s approaches to implementing the process of strategising the development of small cities and justify the inclusion of new elements in the methodological framework for developing the strategy. The study assesses the potential for using a master plan for spatial development, outlining its objectives, tasks, and construction methodology. Based on the given analysis, a methodological framework was compiled for the main stages of implementing the development strategy for small cities, and the main strategic directions for the development of small cities have been proposed, supported by the assessment of its species profile and the level of innovation and technological development. The research methodology included the use of grouping, comparative analysis, and generalization methods. The empirical foundation was based on data from the State Statistics Service, the provisions of the Spatial Development Strategy of Russia for the period up to 2030 with a forecast up to 2036, and Federal Law № 172-FZ of June 28, 2014, «On Strategic Planning in the Russian Federation». The practical significance of the study implies the findings that can be used by municipal, regional, and federal authorities to develop programs and strategies for the development of small cities, as well as to monitor their implementation.

The objective of this study is to analyse the current implemented measures to support technological security in Russian industry. This is due to the necessity to measure the set strategic objectives with the key interim results of their implementation to assess effectiveness and, if necessary, adjust the «roadmap» for stimulating a technological breakthrough in domestic production. The methodological framework of the study relied on a combination of general scientific and specialized methods of scientific cognition of economic phenomena and processes. The article analyses the state policy in the context of achieving technological sovereignty of the Russian industrial complex, considering its sector-specific features of operation. It also examines the dynamics of industrial production amid increasing sanctions pressure, and evaluates the import dependency within the sectors of industries, including trends of both reduction and growth in import dependence. Supported by statistical data and current regulatory-legal documents, the given study concludes that reducing import dependency and building domestic production capacity is a long-term, multi-stage process that requires coordinated efforts from both the state and the business community. The research findings hold practical value for management personnel at various levels, representatives of the scientific community, and specialists in industrial complex development.

Designing and implementing a regulatory management system (RMS) that both promotes a country’s socio-economic development and is perceived as legitimate is a fundamental aspect of good governance. This analytical study reviews historical and contemporary theoretical works on the interaction between economic, institutional, and social factors of regulation, with a particular focus on developing countries. It argues that, alongside economic factors, both formal and informal institutional elements must be considered when designing and implementing an RMS – an issue of even greater significance for developing economies. The purpose of the study is to identify key elements and constraints in implementing regulatory governance, including those specific to developing countries, and to situate these within broader governance and management contexts. The research uses both quantitative and qualitative methods, resulting in the ability to triangulate the results. As a result, it proposes an analytical framework that integrates theoretical and practical insights to highlight the weaknesses and potential for improvement in designing and implementing effective regulatory management systems. The research outcome, the confirmation of including formal and informal institutional factors, beyond the purely economic factors, benefits both theory of regulation as well as the regulatory management practitioners.

The transport complex, which ensures the vital functioning of territories and settlements across the country, requires new analytical tools capable of supporting managerial decision-making under conditions of decentralized governance and the influence of demographic, institutional, and natural–climatic constraints. The relevance of this study is determined by the importance of sustainable development in Arctic cities and urban agglomerations as strategic territories that ensure national security and socio-economic resilience. The purpose of this research is to model the dynamic structure of economic subprocesses within the public transport subsystem of an urban or metropolitan transport system in order to assess its performance and identify deviations from the trajectory of sustainable development. The study employs a structural–synergetic modeling method, which allows for both quantitative and qualitative evaluation of interdependencies in complex urban transport systems. Using the example of Murmansk over the period 2013–2022, models were developed to reflect the annual changes in the structure of the city’s public transport functioning. This structure includes four types of subprocesses: core, auxiliary, life-supporting, and development-constraining. The study resulted in an assessment of the impact of decentralized decisions made by key stakeholders on the sustainability of Murmansk’s public transport system, as well as the identification of the nature and direction of synergetic effects. Directions for further modernization of the methodology and techniques of structural modeling are proposed, focusing on the improvement of statistical accounting for relevant indicators. The developed approaches can serve as diagnostic and monitoring tools for assessing the sustainability of transport systems in Arctic regions. The results obtained are of practical interest to federal, regional, and municipal authorities, analytical centers, and infrastructure companies involved in the implementation of sustainable transport and urban mobility policies.

In the modern world, the role of universities is gradually changing: increasing importance is being placed on their participation in social life and engagement in socio-economic processes. The aim of this study is to substantiate the concept of a socially responsible university and to reveal the contemporary understanding of the phenomenon of social responsibility within educational institutions. The methodological basis of the research includes system analysis, the evaluation of regulatory documents, and expert data assessment. The study defines the concept of a socially responsible university and systematizes its practices in terms of addressing socially significant issues. It also describes various levels of university social responsibility, substantiates the principles of their activity, and uses an economic-mathematical model to summarize the resulting positive effects. Additionally, criteria for assessing the level of social responsibility of universities are considered. The research findings can be used by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation to classify universities based on their capacity to implement the concept of a socially responsible university. They may also be applied by university management to objectively assess the prerequisites for developing strategies aimed at creating conditions conducive to research and development activities.

This article explores the management of education at different stages of university training with the aim of attracting more applicants and preparing highly qualified professionals capable of adapting to the evolving labor market. The relevance of the study stems from the ongoing demand for specialists who can apply innovative approaches aligned with the development of the digital economy. Additionally, a growing trend has been observed: graduates increasingly work in fields unrelated to their university degrees. The primary goal of the study was to develop recommendations for university administrators to modernize educational programs in order to increase applicant numbers and enhance graduate employability. The main research method was an anonymous survey conducted among both first-year students and graduates of Moscow City University (MСU). The survey questions focused on the key factors influencing students’ perception of the educational process. The collected responses helped identify the strengths and weaknesses of current academic programs. Based on the results, a set of recommendations was formulated for university administrators and academic program developers to improve the effectiveness of education and attract prospective students.

The relevance of this study stems from the key role of digital platforms in public governance in the modern world. Transformation of the digital economy’s architecture based on industry ecosystems of digital platforms (IEDPs) is outpacing the development of a corresponding theoretical and methodological framework, which necessitates a comprehensive scientific understanding of this issue. The research objective was to develop a conceptual framework for the development of IEDPs as a tool for increasing labor productivity. Such increased efficiency is achieved through three interrelated processes: the establishment of new industry standards based on unified digital platforms; the transition to algorithmic regulation and transactional taxation during the integration of IEDPs; and the formation of a metasystem for solving macro-level problems through the synergy of order parameters. The methodological basis consists of a comparative and structural-functional analysis. The given article considers conceptual approaches to creating the architecture of the abovementioned ecosystems, demonstrates their effectiveness in a public-private partnership format that maintains a balance between government regulation and the autonomy of digital participants. The results obtained can be used by government agencies in developing regulatory policies and designing IEDPs, opening up prospects for scientifically assessing the effectiveness of digital platform types and their impact on the quality of public administration.

The purpose of this study is to provide a comprehensive analysis of the personnel shortage problem in Russia’s public sector. Based on statistical data from the Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat) and materials from recent academic publications, the key causes and factors behind the imbalance of labor resources in the social sector of the national economy are identified. A detailed analysis of the dynamics of public sector wages in comparison with the national average has been conducted, as well as an examination of the main trends in employment numbers. Special attention is given to the issue of precarious employment in the public sector, manifested in unstable labor relations, excessive workload, and lack of social guarantees. A direct correlation is revealed between low wage levels, high workloads, and staff shortages. From a managerial perspective, practical recommendations are proposed to overcome the personnel imbalance in the public sector. These include improving the wage system, optimizing workloads, and developing human resource planning under current conditions. The findings of the study may be useful for the heads of public institutions and government authorities responsible for implementing personnel policy in the Russian Federation.

In recent years, successful practices from the industrial sector have increasingly been adopted within the service sector. This trend is reflected in the 2025 expansion of the list of industries included in the federal project «Labor Productivity», which now encompasses healthcare. The purpose of this study is to analyze domestic and international methodologies, as well as theoretical and legal approaches, to measuring labor productivity in the healthcare sector. The author identifies, for the first time, both the shared features and the specific characteristics of this process. It is established that the assessment of healthcare labor productivity (LP) largely relies on traditional approaches based on output calculations using monetary and quantitative indicators. The study also reveals a methodological convergence in the measurement of LP in Russian healthcare, which is closely linked to the management tasks specific to each administrative level of the sector. To achieve the research objectives, methods of analysis and synthesis were employed. The findings may be of practical use to administrators of healthcare institutions, as well as to policymakers at both regional and federal levels.

The Comprehensive Security System (CSS) is designed to prevent the emergence and development of risks – technical, organizational-technical, and purely organizational – at enterprises within Russia’s oil and gas sector. This study focuses on reducing losses by assessing and managing organizational risks that arise from insufficient actions or shortcomings on the part of personnel responsible for ensuring the effective operation of the CSS. The aim of the research is to identify an approach

that makes it possible to convert qualitative indicators of organizational risks into quantitative terms (a measurable negative impact). In the course of the study, the author substantiates the use of an expert-based method (priority ranking) to evaluate risks associated with inadequate actions by management bodies that oversee subordinate personnel. This method has advantages and introduces elements of novelty compared with current solutions used in practice. When applied together with the functionality of the Gaussian probability distribution, it allows experts to determine specific safety areas in which organizational risks arise due to insufficient control measures. In real organizational systems, having reliable information with weighted values for all identified risks makes it possible to construct a ranked list, determine priorities, and develop a set of preventive measures. The article provides an example illustrating how personnel in various safety areas influence the overall state of the CSS, and it justifies the feasibility of applying the priority-ranking method in practice to obtain quantitative results for organizational risks.