THEORY AND PRACTICE OF MANAGEMENT
The study subject of this paper is the identification of changes in public perception of environmental problems, social and corporate governance issues, and the risks arising from its. The goal is going to be finding ways to manage these risks. The research’s methodology envisages a consistent analysis of impact of the amended approaches of society on the basic aspects of companies’ activities, starting from the investment stage, with definition of qualitative and quantitative parameters of the likely risks and benefits associated with the introduction of sustainable development principles by commercial organizations. The result of the study is identification a degree of impact of acceptance of importance or refusal of management of the specified risks on companies’ financial result and its value for shareholders and investors. It is substantiated that nowadays the motivation of investors is determined not only by financial performance of the company, but also by its efforts to comply with the changed ideas of state and society about interaction of the economy and the environment, relations between people. Recommendations are formulated for companies to manage these risks, which are important for all sectors of the economy.
Nowadays, the economic situation of a company is influenced by the dynamics of changes in external factors that directly affect the company development. This significantly complicates the decision-making system of the management aimed at improving the sustainability of implemented changes. At the same time, the problem is affected by the lack of understanding at what stage of sustainable development the enterprise itself is in order to choose a set of tools correctly (methods and practices) for a transformational project. The paper describes the progressive movement of the organization along the path of sustainable development, reveals the concept of sustainable development and examines existing approaches to its implementation. The problem of sustainable development is considered by domestic and foreign authors. The result of the work is an approach to assessing the level of sustainable development of a company, which uses a matrix for assessing the level of maturity in the context of the company’s development stages. There has been proposed the structure of the project office as a resource for the implementation of its development. The paper offers a set of sustainable development principles which allow to ensure for the promotion and support of transformation. To support the processes of regular analysis of the achievement of the sustainable development goals, it is proposed to apply methods of activity analysis within the management system. The author suggests to use a system of audits, defines a set of analysis indicators of audit quality and the list of evaluation questions. It is concluded that the system for assessing the level of sustainable development of the enterprise is adequate and effective in the long term. The application of the presented methodological approach based on the proposed eleven elements in the practical activities of enterprises will allow determining the points of application of efforts and correctly choosing the list of tools used. The proposed approaches contribute to ensuring the sustainability of the results obtained and the rational usage of resources in the course of the ongoing changes.
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT
The problem of forming effective teams for creating, implementing and commercializing innovative products is relevant for high-tech companies focused on business digitalization. The paper offers a solution to this problem based on the developed methodology for assessing human intellectual potential. The content of sensory, emotional, logical, creative, socio-cultural and economic components of intelligence is revealed and their functional interaction in the implementation of team innovation is described. The study presents a method for determining the integral indicator of individual intellectual potential based on a weighted score of structural components of intelligence. There was described an algorithm for finding the synergy coefficient and team potential. Also, there were presented testing results of the methodology in the activities of the international Russian company “Yandex” (on the example of a regional branch). Based on the testing results, additional areas of application of the developed methodology were identified.
THE HISTORY Of MANAGEMENT THOUGHT
The unity of conceptual apparatus in all management schools is an essential element for a progressive development of the science. The paper describes the aspect of dividing most resonant theorists of management into schools and the searching for a managerial decision idea in each of those schools. The aim of the work is to develop a generally accepted holistic view of the managerial decision through the analysis of the heritage of the classic theory of management. The research is of a theoretical and general nature, the authors use general scientific methods, including the historical method, analysis and synthesis, methods of analogy and generalization. Here you can find the approach based on the identification of a paradigm including the historical method, analysis and synthesis, methods of analogy and generalization. For the first time, schools of management have been compared from the point of view of their understanding of the essence of management decisions. The paper pays equal attention to the representatives of both world and domestic management theory. The conclusion is about the lack of a common understanding of management decisions shared by all schools. It also revealed the need to formulate its universal idea. As a study result, the sixth school has been added to the five schools identified in management theory. There has been formulated a paradigm for each one including a comparison of schools with respect to their views on a managerial decision. Also, there was compiled a table reflecting ideas about managerial essence and significance in management schools. The results of this research can be useful and relevant both for scientists, involved in management decision-making, and management practitioners who want to reasonably approach the problems and goals facing the organization. The perspective of further research lies in development of a definition that allows to get the most holistic picture of the managerial decision. The complexity of proposing that new definition lies in the need to consider all the achievements of all predecessors and it’s associated with the risk of initial rejection of the innovation by the scientific community.
Modern economic science pays considerable attention to the study of labor economics, an integral part of which is the problem of human resources in the production of material goods. The study of this problem has been initiated by the scientific labor management school and Nikolay Vitke. His work and ideas were undeservedly forgotten and they require more attention. The authors’ goal is to draw ones attention to the fact that the concept authorship of human relations, the beginning of the problem development of communication between psychology and management was initiated by domestic scientists. Later, this concept was developed in numerous of works of foreign scientists, who consider the authors of the American psychologist and sociologist E. Mayo. The concept of N.A. Vitke should be taken into account as one of the important, according to the authors, in the development of modern control theories. The study can be the subject of further discussion about the prospects for the development of management theory, the life and personality of N.A. Vitke as well as his colleagues.
The paper describes the development of management at the beginning of the XX century. At that time, there have being published works on management in different countries of the world. Scientific schools had been formed, but the role of Russian scientists in the development of management theory had been not sufficiently studied yet. Outside the field of view of foreign and domestic scientists remained the scientific school of production organization at the Imperial Moscow technical school (IMTS) and Nikolai Charnovskii’s textbook “Organization of industrial enterprises for metal processing”, published in 1911. The methodological base of the research included narrative, comparative and historical research methods. Revealing archival documents made it necessary to clarify important facts. The results of the study show there were their own scientific management schools not only in the United States and Europe. The comparison of sources has shown that Russia had formed its own research areas, including the IMTS. The research should be used in works on the history of management, in the preparation of anthologies and training courses on management theory.
INTERNATIONAL MANAGEMENT
Community participation in management helps to improve the quality of planning of educational work in order to meet people’s needs better and allows the organization of efficient monitoring of the quality of knowledge and skills of school students by consumers. The purpose of this article is to study current modes of community participation in school education management abroad and to analyze their possible implementation in the Russian environment. Methodologically, the modes of community participation have been studied at all levels of education management: national, regional, and institutional. Different modes of community participation in the educational process management are regarded as an element of an integral system. Based on results of the conducted analysis it has been concluded that, to enhance the management system in general education in Russia, the use of certain foreign practices seems to be reasonable, provided that they are tailored to the Russian system. The methods of involvement of independent experts and organizations in the implementation of certain functions of the State in the field of school education are of interest. Moreover, there can be used various modes of community participation in the quality of education monitoring in schools. The implementation of such practice in the Russian system of school education management will help to enhance the quality of school education.
ISSN 2618-9941 (Online)