Vol 5, No 2 (2015)
THEORY AND PRACTICE OF MANAGEMENT
6-12 544
Abstract
The paper states the most important problem of the development of modern management science, which is currently experiencing crisis. Difficulties arise primarily due to the fact that the methodology of socio-economic science isnot fully consistent with modern requirements of social life. But the main thing consists in focusing on the development of commodity-money relations while the significance of the management system is moved to the background. It’s obvious that the efficiency of market relations depends on the quality of management. One can hardly expect positive results while there is no clear interrelationship between management and economic sciences. Unfortunately, at present one can’t observe such a close correlation. The development of management and economic sciences runs concurrently with a scarce link to each other.The importance of public administration is growing year by year. However, the priority of public administration has been«lost» in the maze of market economy reforms. The successful development of market relations is inconceivable without a strong and efficient system of public administration. The article underlines the importance of integrity and institutionality as management system properties. The need for a holistic vision of the socio-economic life of the country is noted; without this vision management loses its qualitative distinctness under complexities of social life. It should be borne in mind, however, that the impact on the economy of the institutional ideology has recently increased. Such a requirement is not included in today’s methodological support of the state management system. Institutional reforms in the country are slow and inconsistent. Obviously it is time to significantly change the whole ideology of socio-economic science. The work alternatively proposes noosphere ideology of public life, the fathers of which were RAS academicians V. I. Vernadsky and N. N. Moiseev.Brought to the forefront of public life, noosphere ideology paradigm, according to the author, will result in the opportunity of improving not only economic but also social and political life of the country.
STATE AND MUNICIPAL MANAGEMENT
13-19 622
Abstract
The article examines the specifi character of the activity of companies with state participation, interaction features with the Federal Property Management Agency of the Russian Federation. The article examines the practice of the substantiation of the company’s withdrawal from the privatization prognostic plan and its development strategy in the form of the cluster formed on the basis of public-private partnerships (PPP). The work substantiates the logic of the Board of Directors’ practical steps in preparation for the company’s interaction with various stakeholders within the cluster being created. Being member of the Board of Directors, a professional independent director, a representative of the interests of the State in the Board of Directors, the author considers the situation «from the inside». The paper draws attention to the role of the preliminary troubleshooting of the company’s life cycle, which is important to determine the prospects for the future implementation of the strategy. The troubleshooting showed that the company is sorely in need of transformations, in order not to be trapped by the founder (the State). The alternative prospects of the company’s development with both public and business participation, is discussed. The article raises the question of institutional readiness to develop a model of public-private partnership in a given region (Sverdlovsk region) and the Russian Federation. Formal and informal institutions of business and government partnership on a particular territory, as well as their interaction, are considered. The legal framework of partnership and its legitimacy as well as the activities of the controlling bodies, coordinating the implementation of PPP projects in the interaction between the state and the business, are being examined in the paper. The author reckons the following among the informal institutions of business and government partnership: the level of social development, the culture of relations in the society, the system of control over the effectiveness (or ineffectiveness of the partnership) by the non-profit organizations and local community, the level of trust or mistrust to the state and business partnership; the partnership transparency or lack of it; equality of opportunities for all partnership members. The article substantiates the strategy for transition of a public company with 100% public stake to the cluster in the form of PPP, and achieving synergetic effect for all the stakeholders of the cluster being created. As a current member of the board of directors the author considers the project’s value of creating PPP- cluster through the prism of the cumulative value for the State, business and society.
20-29 567
Abstract
The article considers the major management problems of settlements territories of different kinds in contemporary market conditions, defines the management structure of architectural activity at various designing stages. The structure of architectural activity is given, which exposes the major factors influencing the management tools of settlements territories development.The changes in demographic and planning structure, functional relationships in settlements development of different kinds are given. The stages and coherence of elaborating the designing papers for different designing objects are reproduced; the checklist of initial materials for designing is provided. The main architectural principles and requirements necessary for settlement functional and planning structure in its dynamic development accounting the changes in allocation the labour relationships, manufactures, housing development, transport system.The rural designing peculiarities are considered in details, the main functions of these settlements and its role of organizing the settlements territories are exposed.The necessity of working out the forecasting documents on perspective urban and rural development is substantiated regarding the architectural programmes defining the main directions of settlements development, the terms and objectives of architectural decisions’ implementation. The designing, planning and architectural decisions’ implementation tasks for the present moment and forecasting period are identified.The article states the issues of organizing the road network in urban and rural settlements planning structure dynamic development. The tasks and requirements in organizing the settlements transport system regarding the pedestrian traffic safety and reducing the population time costs in getting about the city. The peculiarities of organizing the road network in rural settlements regarding the needs of rural inhabitants are considered.On the basis of theoretical investigations, domestic and foreign practical experience the examples of formation the urban and rural settlements planning structure at various development stages are given.Scientifically proved suggestions on defining the perspective directions of social and economic settlements territories development on the basis of working out the complex designing and planning documentation taking into account the priorities of architectural policy regarding the public and commercial interests are introduced.
CORPORATE GOVERNMENT
30-36 672
Abstract
The article discusses the legal form of Russian corporations in connection with the changes in the Civil code of the Russian Federation of 2014, according to which closed and «opened» (verbatim translation from Russian of the term, previously used) joint stock companies are discontinued (they must be re-incorporated as non-public and public joint stock companies). According to the new classification, starting from September, 1, 2014, legal entities are divided, according to membership, into unitary and corporate ones. Legal entities, the incorporators (members) of which have the right to participate in managing their operation (the right of membership) and form the supreme body, are corporate organizations (corporations). Corporations cover all commercial legal entities (except for unitary enterprises), as well as a number of non-profit ones [consumer cooperatives, public organizations, associations (unions), etc.].Under the new regulations corporations, in their turn, are subdivided into public and non-public companies: public joint-stock companies are analogous to pre-existing JSCs which were previously termed «opened» (verbatim); closed JSCs, so-called «opened» JSCs, and limited liability companies (LLC) are attributed to non-public companies. The division is based on the presence or absence of a listing on a stock exchange. In fact, commercial non-public corporations are private companies owned by a limited number of individuals.Special attention is paid to the modes of legal regulation for public and nonpublic companies. In the creation and organization of corporate governance bodies public corporations strictly observe the requirements of corporate law. In non-public companies, the corporate members have the right of choice and the ability to establish rules of conduct: they independently choose the issues related to the supervisory board’s competence; basing on the principle of expediency they determine the need for the creation of collective executive bodies, the introduction of independent directors and the establishment of committees within the Board of Directors, etc.The work highlights the innovations of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation. With regard to corporate management in non-public companies innovations cover: the competence of determining the scope of members’ authority in a way other than in proportion to their shares in the authorized capital; the need for notarization of non-public company’s decisions, etc. Both public and non-public companies provide for the appointment of several sole executive bodies.The article also provides an expert opinion on the most likely development trends of corporate management in non-public Russian companies in the near future.
37-42 608
Abstract
The features of consulting services provided by specialized companies could be determined by the nature of service industries. It could also be determined by the placement of the customer in the product chain and by the core competence of these kinds of companies. Any space project requires the participation of enterprises from different sectors of the economy and usually affects the interests of the international community. Today we could see the rapid development of mass international markets relating to space goods (products and services) and the commercialization of space activities. Administrative consulting has higher demand in the areas with distinct prospects for commercialization. The commercialization of space activities should not contradict with state priorities. The experience in providingconsultancy services could be accumulated in the market of associated spacecraft launches. The desired benefi for the customers in this market are in the plane of procurement; in this link of the product chain they have to buy launch services (e. g. associated launches). Key professional competence of the consultant should answer demands sought by the customer.This article features an analysis of trends in the global consulting market of space products and services, and the connection between customer demands and the professional ability of the consulting company. We considered the differences between both general management consultancy as well as consultancy for specific industries in the aerospace industry. The experience of a successful consulting company is given in this paper. It shows that unique and competitive sales proposals are typically based on a complete service package.The results of the study could be used by consulting fi customers and launch service providers, as well as other companies in space and other high-tech fields.
STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT
43-49 4253
Abstract
The mechanism of transformation of savings into investments consolidates scattered household savings and turns them into an important source of investment. Transforming savings into tangible, intangible and financial assets, population increases it is own wealth. The population involved in the investment process through their savings, is increasingly becoming personally involved in socio-economic development of the country, reaping the results at the same time.The relevance of the problem lies in the fact that savings of the population that can be transformed into investment are the major factor in accumulation of internal reserves for stimulating economic growth and modernization of the Russian economy.There is undulation in the dynamics of savings due to the influence of the economic cycle. Proceeding from this in this article the following hypothesis were put forward:the existence of regularities in the population’s savings behavior at different stages of the economic cycle;the economic crisis affects the amount and structure of savings regardless of the nature of occurrence of the crisis. To prove the hypotheses written above the analysis of data over the period of 1997-2013 was conducted.The analysis includes the following steps: defining subjects of savings; descripting the concepts of savings and investments; identifying the relationship between savings and investment; analyzing the savings behavior and motives of savings at pre-crisis stage; in time of crisis, as well as at the stage of economic recovery; calculating share of each form of savings in structure of total household savings; calculating the volume of savings and investment at different stages of economic cycles; identifying the relationship between the real disposable income, the level of consumption, investment and savings at different stages of economic cycles.The following analysis will allow to conclude on the preferred forms of savings from the population, as well as will help to determine the quality of which public institutions should be developed to stimulate the investment activity of the population.
INNOVATIVE MANAGEMENT
50-57 641
Abstract
The implementation of the innovative project is practically always associated with increased risk. Under modern conditions of increasing uncertainty in economic and other social processes the need for seeking techniques, methodsand technologies of risk management objectively increases, which leads to shifting to new risk-oriented approaches. The currency of the chosen topic is due to the controversy in methodology issues, on the one hand, and insufficient studies of technologies and principles of risk management in innovation, on the other hand.The article considers a conceptual model of risk management in the formation and realization of the innovative project. It is based on a matrix system of risk analysis. This model is determined by a combination of the following requirements: the regard for the range of risk temporal boundaries; the determination of the zone of economic stability; the hierarchical character of the risk management model; the consistency in building risk management model; the determination of major groups and subgroups of resources; the determination of expected or desired results. The article describes the features of each stage and, in addition, offers the characteristic of technological, legal, social, informational, organizational factors.According to the author, the process of risk management in innovation should be built on the basis of the recurrent approach. It is based on the ability of the organization to a permanent modifi ation of the complex methods of risk management throughout the entire innovation project. In other words, the recurrent approach implies a continuous«recurrence» to the various stages of risk management in order to better adjust the organization to internal and external environmental changes. Special attention is paid to the conditions and factors of the recurrent approach implementation in innovation project risk management.The recurrent approach to innovation project risk management, according to the author, provides for increasing the efficiency of decision making process in the implementation and development of innovations.
MARKETING MANAGEMENT
58-62 623
Abstract
The article is devoted to the comparative analysis and estimation of business counteragents’ reliability. To assess the reliability it’s necessary fi and above all to answer the question: what criteria must be used for counteragents’ estimation. A system of balanced expert estimations allows formalizing all the assessed counteragents’ parameters. The more characteristics are taken into consideration while analyzing the more exact result is. That’s why for all the characteristics «a provision» must be included into corporate information system and all the characteristics of the assessed counteragents must be included into information system obligatory. Before applying the method of balanced expert estimations the article suggests the criteria ranking i. e. each criterion must be taken the assessment and given the grade. It is suggested to compare the criteria while ranking and so to reach the objectiveness of the assessment relative meaning. The highest assessment is assigned to the criterion which is of the most importance for the company at the present moment. The absolute figure meanings themselves while ranking will be subjective but comparing a criterion with another one they will acquire the absolute meanings. The usage of this system allows assessing and comparing the counteragents objectively. Special attention is given to criteria classification and counteragents characteristics preceding the ranking process. Mathematical logics rules are suggested for the counteragents’ classification. The explanation of breaching the logics rules by “peculiarities” of business is absolutely unacceptable as in the similar case one can justify by «the peculiarity» for example that the square root of two is not equal to two. Mathematics is stable against any business and breaching the mathematical logics rules leads in practical life to «converting» the database into chaotically assembled elements which in its turn causes the failure to plan or for example to count the insurance stores correctly. Each classification level corresponds to definite set of properties. In order to make these properties homogeneous it’s necessary to define the grounds for division or in other words the principle of division. While creating the database these rules are breached which leads to failure to plan correctly either the final price of purchased production or relationships with counteragents. The applied calculation of real production cost with the account of the counteragents’ reliability is also offered.
CHANGE MANAGEMENT
63-70 1111
Abstract
The purpose of the work* is to build models of indicative management. Indicative planning and management imply soft administration and give elements of the system the opportunity to maintain their superiority in fl xibility and rapid response capacity. The indicative planning model implies selective intervention in the areas where there is an imbalance of positive and negative factors. Indicative planning also combines the study of the current economic situation; the tasks, objectives, strategies and programmes to accelerate economic growth and development as well as macroeconomic projection for the economy as a whole. Thus, the art of planning is quite an active intervention in the economy with the purpose of overcoming main problems without exceeding herewith the existing authorities of the state apparatus and without breaking the fundamentals of economic development management.The result of indicative planning is the indicative plan which regulates: a) prognostic values of the subject area indicators under the conditions of inertial or innovation scenario; b) types of regulators to be applied by the executive powers to exert influence on the dynamics of indicators under the innovation scenario; c) indicators of the scale and the degree of depth of regulators application. The main functions of the indicative plan for country’s social and economic development are substantiation and elaboration of ways and methods of government regulating influence on the future trajectory of national economic development. The extrapolation of bygone trends should not prevail in the indicative plan development technology. The primary task is to reverse current negative trends in the socio-economic development, to overcome depression and stimulate economic growth. The indicative plan development starts with formulating the country’s socio-economic development objectives for a given perspective and assessing disposable resources that can be used in the objectives implementation.In the article the model of indicative planning and management that can be applied at all levels of the economy is introduced. The result of this model is a set of recommendations for management decisions.
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT
71-78 572
Abstract
Russia appeared in exclusively difficult situation today. The recently adopted Federal law of the Russian Federation “About the federal budget for 2015 and on planning period 2016 and 2017” is based that replenishment of the budget will be carried out at the expense of raw material resources, but not due to processing them. The calls facing economy of Russia form a basis of a new condition of transition to innovative economy. First of all, technological reindustrialization is necessary. The government accepted an anti-crisis plan, but among anti- recessionary measures there are no offers for the higher school. The only way for recovery from the crisis for Russia is the support on internal reserves and opportunities for quantitative and high-quality growth of economy. As one of such reserves in this paper the intellectual potential of the higher school and possibility of use of high school professor’s research as the equal partner of the state and business in the course of realization of model of “triple spiral”, in particular, higher education institutions possibility to force a technological background of the Russian economy is considered. The concept “higher education institution cluster” and (or)«higher education institution - an innovative hub of a cluster”, realized in Massachusetts Institute of Technology (USA) at creation of the Silicon Valley is considered as well. To provide effective use of creative potential of high school scientists in processes of transition to innovative economy classification of scientific and technological priorities by four groups is offered, the target priorities focused on achievement of the specific social and economic goals of Russia and its regions are provided in one of which. Ratings of innovative development of subjects of the Russian Federation are considered. Results of situation analysis of a social and economic condition of regions of placement of federal universities are given. It is offered to carry out improvement of systems of monitoring and the reporting accompanying innovative processes in the country.
CONGRESSES, CONFERENCES, SEMINARS
ISSN 2304-022X (Print)
ISSN 2618-9941 (Online)
ISSN 2618-9941 (Online)